| 1 | | Access to Finance and Development: Theory and Measurement | | 21 |
| | | Theory: The Crucial Role of Access to Finance | | 23 |
| | | Measurement: Indicators of Access to Finance | | 26 |
| 2 | | Firms Access to Finance: Entry, Growth, and Productivity | | 55 |
| | | Access to Finance: Determinants and Implications | | 57 |
| | | The Channels of Impact: Micro and Macro Evidence | | 60 |
| | | Transforming the Economy: Differences in Impact | | 66 |
| | | What Aspects of Financial Sector Development Matter for Access? | | 70 |
| 3 | | Household Access to Finance: Poverty Alleviation and Risk Mitigation | | 99 |
| | | Finance, Inequality, and Poverty | | 100 |
| | | Providing Financial Access to Households and Microentrepreneurs: How and by Whom? | | 113 |
| | | Reaching Out to the Poor or co the Excluded? | | 133 |
| 4 | | Governments Role in Facilitating Access | | 143 |
| | | Expanding Access: Importance of Long-Term Institution Building | | 146 |
| | | Specific Policies to Facilitate Financial Access | | 152 |
| | | Policies to Promote Competition and Stability | | 156 |
| | | Government Interventions in the Market | | 163 |
| | | Political Economy of Access | | 176 |