Since its initial publication in 1980, the The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians has been widely acclaimed as an indispensable resource and a classic reference. The word "updated" doesnt begin to describe the thousands of new articles, topics, cross-references, and areas of scholarship incorporated into the new edition. Every one of the first editions 22,500 articles has been reviewed and revised, with thousands of articles expanded. Previously neglected or under-represented areas have been examined, explored, and explained. Movements and topics once deemed too controversial or too far from the mainstream have been added. And throughout, 6,500 new articles cover more than 5,000 years of music history, instruments, composers, institutions, performers, genres, and more. The new edition also includes extensive, authoritative contributions on non-Western music, such as Latin American music, to less-examined contributions, such as Asian, sub-Saharan African, and Pacific Islander.