| | | List of Illustrations | | |
| Pt. 1 | | The Development of Islamic Civilization to the Eighteenth Century | | 1 |
| 1 | | The Rise and Expansion of Islam | | 5 |
| 2 | | The Development of Islamic Civilization to the Fifteenth Century | | 19 |
| 3 | | The Ottoman and Safavid Empires: A New Imperial Synthesis | | 37 |
| Pt. 2 | | The Beginnings of the Era of Transformation | | 57 |
| 4 | | Forging a New Synthesis: The Pattern of Reforms, 1789-1849 | | 61 |
| 5 | | The Ottoman Empire and Egypt During the Era of the Tanzimat | | 81 |
| 6 | | Egypt and Iran in the Late Nineteenth Century | | 103 |
| 7 | | The Response of Islamic Society | | 119 |
| 8 | | The Era of the Young Turks and the Iranian Constitutionalists | | 133 |
| 9 | | World War I and the End of the Ottoman Order | | 149 |
| Pt. 3 | | The Struggle for Independence: The Interwar Era to the End of World War II | | 171 |
| 10 | | Authoritarian Reform in Turkey and Iran | | 175 |
| 11 T | | he Arab Struggle for Independence: Egypt, Iraq, and Transjordan from the Interwar Era to 1945 | | 193 |
| 12 | | The Arab Struggle for Independence: Syria, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia from the Interwar Era to 1945 | | 217 |
| 13 | | The Palestine Mandate and the Birth of the State of Israel | | 239 |
| Pt. 4 | | The Independent Middle East from the End of World War II to the 1970s | | 273 |
| 14 | | Democracy and Authoritarianism: Turkey and Iran | | 275 |
| 15 | | The Middle East in the Age of Nasser: The Egyptian Base | | 301 |
| 16 | | The Middle East in the Age of Nasser: The Radicalization of Arab Politics | | 323 |
| 17 | | Israel and the Palestinians from 1948 to the 1970s | | 345 |
| | More... | | |