This text for courses in introductory algebra-based physics features a combination of pedagogical tools - exercises, worked examples, active examples and conceptual checkpoints.
NOTE: All chapters conclude with a Chapter Summary, Problem-Solving Summary, Conceptual Questions, Conceptual Exercises, and Problems. (Chapter 1 does not include a Problem-Solving Summary.) 1 Introduction to Physics 1-1 Physics and the Laws of Nature 1-2 Units of Length, Mass, and Time 1-3 Dimensional Analysis 1-4 Significant Figures 1-5 Converting Units 1-6 Order-of-Magnitude Calculations 1-7 Scalars and Vectors 1-8 Problem Solving in Physics PART I MECHANICS 2 One-Dimensional Kinematics 2-1 Position, Distance, and Displacement 2-2 Average Speed and Velocity 2-3 Instantaneous Velocity 2-4 Acceleration 2-5 Motion with Constant Acceleration 2-6 Applications of the Equations of Motion 2-7 Freely Falling Objects 3 Vectors in Physics 3-1 Scalars Versus Vectors 3-2 The Components of a Vector 3-3 Adding and Subtracting Vectors 3-4 Unit Vectors 3-5 Position, Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration Vectors 3-6 Relative Motion 4 Two-Dimensional Kinematics 4-1 Motion in Two Dimensions 4-2 Projectile Motion: Basic Equations 4-3 Zero Launch Angle 4-4 General Launch Angle 4-5 Projective Motion: Key Characteristics 5 Newtons Laws of Motion 5-1 Force and Mass 5-2 Newtons First Law of Motion 5-3 Newtons Second Law of Motion 5-4 Newtons Third Law of Motion 5-5 The Vector Nature of Forces: Forces in Two Dimensions 5-6 Weight 5-7 Normal Forces 6 Applications of Newtons Laws 6-1 Frictional Forces 6-2 Strings and Springs 6-3 Translational Equilibrium 6-4 Connected Objects 6-5 Circular Motion 7 Work and Kinetic Energy 7-1 Work Done by a Constant Force 7-2 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem 7-3 Work Done by a Variable Force 7-4 Power 8 Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy 8-1 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces 8-2 Potential Energy and the Work Done by Conservative Forces 8-3 Conservation of Mechanical Energy 8-4 Work Done by Nonconservative Forces 8-5 Potential Energy Curves and Equipotentials 9 Linear Momentum and Collisions 9-1 Linear Momentum 9-2 Momentum and Newtons Second Law 9-3 Impulse 9-4 Conservation of Linear Momentum 9-5 Inelastic Collisions 9-6 Elastic Collisions 9-7 Center of Mass *9-8 Systems with Changing Mass: Rocket Propulsion 10 Rotational Kinematics and Energy 10-1 Angular Position, Velocity, and Acceleration 10-2 Rotational Kinematics 10-3 Connections Between Linear and Rotational Quantities 10-4 Rolling Motion 10-5 Rotational Kinetic Energy and the Moment of Inertia 10-6 Conservation of Energy 11 Rotational Dynamics and Static Equilibrium 11-1 Torque 11-2 Torque and Angular Acceleration 11-3 Zero Torque and Static Equilibrium 11-4 Center of Mass and Balance 11-5 Dynamic Applications of Torque 11-6 Angular Momentum 11-7 Conservation of Angular Momentum 11-8 Rotational Work and Power *11-9 The Vector Nature of Rotational Motion 12 Gravity 12-1 Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation 12-2 Gravitational Attraction of Spherical Bodies 12-3 Keplers Laws of Orbital Motion 12-4 Gravitational Potential Energy 12-5 Energy Conservation *12-6 Tides 13 Oscillations About Equilibrium 13-1 Periodic Motion 13-2 Simple Harmonic Motion 13-3 Connections Between Uniform Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion 13-4 The Period of a Mass on a Spring 13-5 Energy Conservation in Oscillatory Motion 13-6 The Pendulum 13-7 Damped Oscillations 13-8 Driven Oscillations and Resonance 14 Waves and Sound 14-1 Types of Waves 14-2 Waves on a String *14-3 Harmonic Wave Functions 14-4 Sound Waves 14-5 Sound Intensity 14-6 The Doppler Effect 14-7 Superposition and Interference 14-8 Standing Waves 14-9 Beats 15 Fluids 15-1 Density 15-2 Pressure 15-3 Static Equilibrium in Fluids: Pressure and Depth 15-4 Archimedes Principle and Buoyancy 15-5 Applications of Archimedes Principle 15-6 Fluid Flow and Continuity 15-7 Bernoullis Equation 15-8 Applications of Bernoullis Equation *15-9 Viscosity and Surface Tension PART II THERMAL PHYSICS 16 Temperature and Heat 16-1 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 16-2 Temperature Scales 16-3 Thermal Expansion 16-4 Heat and Mechanical Work 16-5 Specific Heats 16-6 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation 17 Phases and Phase Changes 17-1 Ideal Gases 17-2 Kinetic Theory 17-3 Solids and Elastic Deformation 17-4 Phase Equilibrium and Evaporation 17-5 Latent Heats 17-6 Phase Changes and Energy Conservation 18 The Laws of Thermodynamics 18-1 The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 18-2 The First Law of Thermodynamics 18-3 Thermal Processes 18-4 Specific Heats for an Ideal Gas: Constant Pressure, Constant Volume 18-5 The Second Law of Thermodynamics 18-6 Heat Engines and the Carnot Cycle 18-7 Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps 18-8 Entropy 18-9 Order, Disorder, and Entropy 18-10 The Third Law of Thermodynamics PART III ELECTROMAGNETISM 19 Electric Charges, Forces, and Fields 19-1 Electric Charge 19-2 Insulators and Conductors 19-3 Coulombs Law 19-4 The Electric Field 19-5 Electric Field Lines 19-6 Shielding and Charging by Induction 19-7 Electric Flux and Gausss Law 20 Electric Potential and Electric Potential Energy 20-1 Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential 20-2 Energy Conservation 20-3 The Electric Potential of Point Charges 20-4 Equipotential Surfaces and the Electric Field 20-5 Capacitors and Dielectrics 20-6 Electrical Energy Storage 21 Electric Current and Direct-Current Circuits 21-1 Electric Current 21-2 Resistance and Ohms Law 21-3 Energy and Power in Electric Circuits 21-4 Resistors in Series and Parallel 21-5 Kirchoffs Rules 21-6 Circuits Containing Capacitors 21-7 RC Circuits *21-8 Anmeters and Voltmeters 22 Magnetism 21-1 The Magnetic Field 22-2 The Magnetic Force on Moving Charges 22-3 The Motion of Charged Particles in a Magnetic Field 22-4 The Magnetic Force Exerted on a Current-Carrying Wire 22-5 Loops of Current and Magnetic Torque 22-6 Electric Currents, Magnetic Fields, and Amperes Law 22-7 Current Loops and Solenoids 22-8 Magnetism in Matter 23 Magnetic Flux and Faradays Law of Induction 23-1 Induced Electromotive Force 23-2 Magnetic Flux 23-3 Faradays Law of Induction 23-4 Lenzs Law 23-5 Mechanical Work and Electrical Energy 23-6 Generators and Motors 23-7 Inductance 23-8 RL Circuits 23-9 Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field 23-10 Transformers 24 Alternating-Current Circuits 24-1 Alternating Voltages and Currents 24-2 Capacitors in AC Circuits 24-3 RC Circuits 24-4 Inductors in AC Circuits 24-5 RLC Circuits 24-6 Resonance in Electrical Circuits PART IV LIGHT AND OPTICS 25 Electromagnetic Waves 25-1 The Production of Electromagnetic Waves 25-2 The Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves 25-3 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 25-4 Energy and Momentum in Electromagnetic Waves 25-5 Polarization 26 Geometrical Optics 26-1 The Reflection of Light 26-2 Forming Images with a Plane Mirror 26-3 Spherical Mirrors 26-4 Ray Tracing and the Mirror Equation 26-5 The Refraction of Light 26-6 Ray Tracing for Lenses 26-7 The Thin-Lens Equation 26-8 Dispersion and the Rainbow 27 Optical Instruments 27-1 The Human Eye and the Camera 27-2 Lenses in Combination and Corrective Optics 27-3 The Magnifying Glass 27-4 The Compound Microscope 27-5 Telescopes 27-6 Lens Aberrations 28 Physical Optics: Interference and Diffraction 28-1 Superposition and Interference 28-2 Youngs Two-Slit Experiment 28-3 Interference in Reflected Waves 28-4 Diffraction 28-5 Resolution 28-6 Diffraction Gratings PART V MODERN PHYSICS 29 Relativity 29-1 The Postulates of Special Relativity 29-2 The Relativity of Time and Time Dilation 29-3 The Relativity of Length and Length Contraction 29-4 The Relativistic Addition of Velocities 29-5 Relativistic Momentum 29-6 Relativistic Energy and E = mc2 29-7 The Relativistic Universe 29-8 General Relativity 30 Quantum Physics 30-1 Blackbody Radiation and Plancks Hypothesis of Quantized Energy 30-2 Photons and the Photoelectric Effect 30-3 The Mass and Momentum of a Photos 30-4 Photon Scattering and the Compton Effect 30-5 The de Broglie Hypothesis and Wave-Particle Duality 30-6 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 30-7 Quantum Tunneling 31 Atomic Physics 31-1 Early Models of the Atom 31-2 The Spectrum of Atomic Hydrogen 31-3 Bohrs Model of the Hydrogen Atom 31-4 de Broglie Waves and the Bohr Model 31-5 The Quantum Mechanical Hydrogen Atom 31-6 Multielectron Atoms and the Periodic Table 31-7 Atomic Radiation 32 Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Radiation 32-1 The Constituents and Structure of Nuclei 32-2 Radioactivity 32-3 Half-Life and Radioactive Dating 32-4 Nuclear Binding Energy 32-5 Nuclear Fission 32-6 Nuclear Fusion 32-7 Practical Applications of Nuclear Physics 32-8 Elementary Particles 32-9 Unified Forces and Cosmology Appendices Appendix A: Basic Mathematical Tools Appendix B: Typical Values Appendix C: Planetary Data Appendix D: Elements of Electrical Circuits Appendix E: Periodic Table of the Elements Appendix F: Properties of Selected Isotopes Answers to Your Turn Problems Answers to Odd-Numbered Conceptual Questions Answers to Odd-Numbered Conceptual Exercises Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems