The 8th edition of "Theories of Personality" follows in the tradition of the previous versions, by centering on the premise that personality theories are a reflection of the unique cultural background, family experiences, personalities, and professional training of their originators. The book begins by acquainting students with the meaning of personality and providing them with a solid foundation for understanding the nature of theory, as well as its crucial contributions to science. The chapters that follow present twenty-three major theories: coverage of each theory also encompasses a biographical sketch of each theorist, related research, and applications to real life. Changes in the 8th edition included a new chapter 8 on evolutionary personality theory, focusing on the work of David Buss. The Related Research sections in each chapter have also been updated.
Part I Introduction CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Personality Theory What Is Personality? What Is a Theory? Dimensions for a Concept of Humanity Research in Personality Theory PART II Psychodynamic Theories CHAPTER 2 Freud: Psychoanalysis Overview of Psychoanalytic Theory Biography of Sigmund Freud Levels of Mental Life Provinces of the Mind Dynamics of Personality Defense Mechanisms Stages of Development Applications of Psychoanalytic Theory Related Research Critique of Freud Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 3 Adler: Individual Psychology Overview of Individual Psychology Biography of Alfred Adler Introduction to Adlerian Theory Striving for Success or Superiority Subjective Perceptions Unity and Self-Consistency of Personality Social Interest Style of Life Creative Power Abnormal Development Applications of Individual Psychology Related Research Critique of Adler Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 4 Jung: Analytical Psychology Overview of Analytical Psychology Biography of Carl Jung Levels of the Psyche Dynamics of Personality Causality and Teleology Progression and Regression Psychological Types Development of Personality Jungs Methods of Investigation Related Research Critique of Jung Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 5 Klein: Object Relations Theory Overview of Object Relations Theory Biography of Melanie Klein Introduction to Object Relations Theory Psychic Life of the Infant Positions Psychic Defense Mechanisms Internalizations Later Views on Object Relations Psychotherapy Related Research vCritique of Object Relations Theory Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 6 Horney: Psychoanalytic Social Theory Overview of Psychoanalytic Social Theory Biography of Karen Horney Introduction to Psychoanalytic Social Theory Basic Hostility and Basic Anxiety Compulsive Drives Intrapsychic Conflicts Feminine Psychology Psychotherapy Related Research Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 7 Fromm: Humanistic Psychoanalysis Overview of Humanistic Psychoanalysis Biography of Erich Fromm Fromms Basic Assumptions Human Needs The Burden of Freedom Character Orientations Personality Disorders Psychotherapy Related Research Critique of Fromm Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 8 Erikson: Post-Freudian Theory Overview of Post-Freudian Theory Biography of Erik Erikson The Ego in Post-Freudian Theory Stages of Psychosocial Development Eriksons Methods of Investigation Related Research Critique of Erikson Concept of Humanity Humanistic/Existential Theories PART III Humanistic/Existential Theories CHAPTER 9 Maslow: Holistic-Dynamic Theory Overview of Holistic-Dynamic Theory Biography of Abraham H. Maslow Maslows View of Motivation Self-Actualization Philosophy of Science Measuring Self-Actualization The Jonah Complex Psychotherapy Related Research Critique of Maslow Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 10 Rogers: Person-Centered Theory Overview of Client-Centered Theory Biography of Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory Psychotherapy The Person of Tomorrow vPhilosophy of Science The Chicago Studies Related Research Critique of Rogers Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 11 May: Existential Psychology Overview of Existential Psychology Biography of Rollo May Background of Existentialism The Case of Philip Anxiety Guilt Intentionality Care, Love, and Will Freedom and Destiny The Power of Myth Psychopathology Psychotherapy Related Research Critique of May Concept of Humanity PART IV Dispositional Theories CHAPTER 12 Allport: Psychology of the Individual Overview of Allports Psychology of the Individual Biography of Gordon Allport Allports Approach to Personality Theory Motivation The Study of the Individual Related Research Critique of Allport Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 13 McCrae and Costas Five Factor Trait Theory Overview of Trait and Factor Theories The Pioneering Work of Raymond B. Cattell Basics of Factor Analysis The Big Five: Taxonomy or Theory? Biographies of Robert R. McCrae and Paul T. Costa, Jr. In Search of the Big Five Related Research Critique of Trait and Factor Theories Concept of Humanity PART V Biological/Evolutionary Theories Chapter 14 Eysencks Biologically-Based Factor Theory Overview of Biologically-Based Factor Theories Eysencks Factor Theory Dimensions of Personality Measuring Personality Biological Bases of Personality Personality as a Predictor Related Research Critique of Eysencks Biologically Based Theory Concept of Humanity Key Terms and Concepts Chapter 15 Buss: Evolutionary Theory of Personality Overview of Evolutionary Theory of Personality Biography of David Buss Principles of Evolutionary Psychology Evolutionary Theory of Personality Common Misunderstandings in Evolutionary Theory Related Research Critique of EVOLUTIONARY THEORY OF PERSONALITY Concepts of Humanity Key Terms and Concepts PART VI Learning Theories CHAPTER 16 Skinner: Behavioral Analysis Overview of Behavioral Analysis Biography of B. F. Skinner Precursors to Skinners Scientific Behaviorism Scientific Behaviorism Conditioning The Human Organism The Unhealthy Personality Psychotherapy Related Research Critique of Skinner Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 17 Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory Overview of Social Cognitive Theory Biography of Albert Bandura Learning Triadic Reciprocal Causation Human Agency Self-Regulation Dysfunctional Behavior Therapy Related Research Critique of Bandura Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 18 Rotter and Mischel: Cognitive Social Learning Theory Overview of Cognitive Social Learning Theory Biography of Julian Rotter Introduction to Rotters Social Learning Theory Predicting Specific Behaviors Predicting General Behaviors Maladaptive Behavior Psychotherapy Introduction to Mischels Personality Theory Biography of Walter Mischel Background of the Cognitive-Affective Personality System Cognitive-Affective Personality System Related Research Critique of Cognitive Social Learning Theory Concept of Humanity CHAPTER 19 Kelly: Psychology of Personal Constructs Overview of Personal Construct Theory Biography of George Kelly Kellys Philosophical Position Personal Constructs Applications of Personal Construct Theory Related Research Critique of Kelly References Glossary Photo Credits Name Index Subject Index